This project investigates the performance of advanced insulation materials compared to traditional options through a controlled thermal testing setup. Using aerogel sheets, vacuum panels, reflective foils, and conventional insulators such as foam, wool, or fiberglass, students construct a small chamber to measure heat transfer and retention under both heating and cooling conditions. By recording internal and external temperatures over time with thermal probes and infrared thermometers, learners analyze rates of heat loss and develop skills in thermal management, experimental setup design, and data collection.
 
The results provide insight into how material composition and thickness influence insulation efficiency and cost-effectiveness. By comparing thermal conductivity, retention capability, and efficiency-to-size ratios, students assess the advantages of emerging technologies in reducing energy consumption. The experiment emphasizes applications in sustainable building design, space exploration, and electronics cooling, demonstrating how innovative insulation can significantly enhance energy efficiency in real-world contexts.