This project investigates the synthesis and application of iron oxide (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles for removing pollutants from water. By reacting ferric chloride and ferrous sulfate with ammonium hydroxide, magnetite nanoparticles are produced and suspended for testing. When introduced into contaminated water samples containing dyes or metal salts, the nanoparticles adsorb impurities and can be separated using a strong magnet. Students record efficiency through visual inspection, pH measurements, or optional spectrophotometric analysis, while also exploring variables such as nanoparticle dosage and mixing time. This experiment develops practical skills in nanotechnology, adsorption science, and environmental materials.
 
Results demonstrate the effectiveness of magnetic nanoparticles in adsorbing and removing contaminants, providing a clear model of advanced water treatment methods. Optimization tests explore reusability, surface modifications, and scalability, offering insight into how functionalized nanoparticles could improve efficiency. By replicating these processes on a small scale, the project highlights the role of nanomaterials in sustainable environmental cleanup, bridging laboratory synthesis with real-world applications in pollution control and water purification technologies.